首先你得说price floor 的定义
然后画出price floor的图,注意最低价格必须高估市场均衡价格
需要解释的东西包括:
价格的变动
需求量的变动
供给量的变动
产生的surplus (excess supply)
deadweight loss
consumer surplus和producer surplus的变动
政府购买excess supply
IB的考官报告:
This question was generally well answered by candidates with some effectively explained theory on the effect price floors (minimum prices) on markets where they are used. The strongest responses considered the impacts on consumers, producers and governments in terms of higher prices, increased revenues and the cost of intervention buying. An effective use of the minimum price diagram was important to illustrate the answer as was an effective real-world answer and many students used agricultural markets to do this.